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Historical Values
Year Value
1990 officially, no unemployment
1991 official Soviet statistics imply an unemployment rate of 1 to 2 percent in 1990; USSR's first official unemployment estimate, however, is acknowledged to be rough
1992 NA%
1993 3%-4% of labor force (1 January 1993 est.)
1994 1.4% (1 January 1994; official data)
1995 7.1% (December 1994) with considerable additional underemployment
1996 8.2% (December 1995) with considerable additional underemployment
1997 9.3% (December 1996) (according to ILO definition) with considerable additional underemployment
1998 9% (1997 est.) with considerable additional underemployment
1999 11.5% (1998 est.) with considerable additional underemployment
2000 12.4% (1999 est.), plus considerable underemployment
2001 10.5% (2000 est.), plus considerable underemployment
2002 8% (2001 est.), plus considerable underemployment (2002 est.)
2003 7.9% plus considerable underemployment (2002)
2004 8.5% plus considerable underemployment (2003 est.)
2005 8.3% plus considerable underemployment (2004 est.)
2006 7.6% plus considerable underemployment (2005 est.)
2007 6.6% plus considerable underemployment (2006 est.)
2008 6.2% (2007 est.)
2009 6.4% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 82 6.2% (2007 est.)
2010 7.6% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 83 8.4% (2009)
2011 7.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 78 8.4% (2009 est.)
2012 6.2% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 62 6.6% (2011 est.)
2013 5.5% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 53 6.6% (2011 est.)
2014 5.8% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 55 5.5% (2012 est.)
2015 5.1% (2014 est.) | 5.5% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 46
2016 5.6% (2015 est.) | 5.2% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 64
2017 5.5% (2016 est.) | 5.6% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 71
2018 5.2% (2017 est.) | 5.5% (2016 est.)
2019 5.2% (2017 est.) | 5.5% (2016 est.)
2020 4.6% (2019 est.) | 4.8% (2018 est.)
2021 4.6% (2019 est.) 4.8% (2018 est.)
2022 4.6% (2019 est.) 4.8% (2018 est.)
2023 5.01% (2021 est.) 5.59% (2020 est.) 4.5% (2019 est.)
2024 3.33% (2023 est.) 3.87% (2022 est.) 4.72% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
2025 2.6% (2024 est.) 3.1% (2023 est.) 3.9% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment